Climate change impacts significantly affect areas which are key to achieving sustainable development and eradicating poverty, for example in areas such as food security, health, water availability, and poverty. Scaling-up climate change adaptation and resilience building will thus be crucial for countries, in particular developing countries, to be able to achieve the SDGs, despite climate change. However, it is clear that not all impacts will be avoided and significant loss and damage is expected to occur, adding a development burden for many poor and vulnerable people and countries. Additionally, from an emission reduction perspective, there is the potential to harness significant synergies. On one hand, limiting warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius, envisaged by the Paris Agreement, could avoid significant adverse impacts, compared even to a 2 degrees increase. Some studies have identified significant health benefits for countries if they scale-up the emission reduction ambition of their Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC). Evidence suggests that, for example, the shift from fossil fuels to renewable energies could improve the health of many people and subsequently decrease the number dying from air pollution. [...]
